INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION

In the current business world, the competition faced by organizations is increasing mainly due to globalization and rapidly changing technology. Therefore, in order to compete with other organizations, it is vital that companies train and develop their employees. Yahaya (2007) cited in Ampomah (2016) stated that training and development is an essential element of the Human Resource Administration and Management. Training has become the most significant part of the current business world because training improves the efficiency and the effectiveness of both employees and the organization (RAG, Khan, FA, Khan & MA, Khan, 2011). The author is employed in the manufacturing industry, therefore, training and development of employees in the manufacturing sector is an important element since the technology changes rapidly and employees need to be continually updated with production techniques. However, lack of training and development may encourage employees to leave an organization and seek knowledge and skill development elsewhere. This blog provides literature reviews from the year 2000 and on, whilst critically evaluating the theory on the Effectiveness of Training and Development.

DEFINITIONS OF TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT

Training – Armstrong (2001) cited in Ganesh & Indradevi (2015) has defined training as a methodical improvement of the knowledge, expertise, and attitudes required by an individual to perform effectively a given task or a job. However, Arthur et al., (2003) have stated that training is one of the most persistent techniques for improving the productivity of individuals and communicating company objectives to new personnel. Kulkarni (2013) has also defined training as a series of practices or opportunities planned to transform behaviour in order to achieve a given goal. 

Development - Development is the methodical attempt to influence individuals’ knowledge or abilities for purposes of individual growth or future job roles (Aguinisi & Kraiger, 2009). Masadeh (2012) has defined development as a long-standing procedure planned to improve potential and effectiveness. Development is also defined as the expansion and understanding of an individual’s ability, through learning frequently from designed study and experience.

Video-1 below highlights the importance of employee training and development in every business sector by several course instructors from various industries. This video also enlightens the positive impact of training and development on employees and organizations. Training not only increases the competence and confidence in employees but also increases the value and productivity. Furthermore, training is mainly about building up a good organizational culture which will influence in retaining employees in the organization. The video highlights the importance of engaging in regular training and development activities and courses to ensure that employees are up to date with the latest knowledge on techniques and tools related to the industry.  

Video-1: The Importance of Staff Training 

                                        (Source: Informa Corporate Learning, 2008) 

Reference List: 

Aguinis, H. & Kraiger, K. (2009) Benefits of Training and Development for Individuals and Teams, Organizations and Society. The Annual Review of Psychology,pp.451-474. Available from http://www.hermanaguinis.com/Annual09.pdf  [accessed 17 September 2018].

Ampomah, P. (2016) The Effect of Training and Development on Employee Performance in a Private Tertiary Institution in Ghana (Case Study: Pentecost University College (Puc) - Ghana). Asian Journal of Social Sciences and Management Studies,3(1), pp.29-33. Available from https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/b185/67710b8a0009a451ef20ec282315f713205a.pdf [accessed 17 September 2018].

Arthur, J. W., Benette, J. W., Edens, P. S. & Bell, S. T. (2003) Effectiveness of Training in Organizations: A Meta-Analysis of Design and Evaluation Features. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(2), pp.234-245. Available from https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/9b31/820a4f871c19ac0f772944a69a2be438fe60.pdf [accessed 17 September 2018].

Ganesh, M. & Indradevi, R. (2015) Importance and Effectiveness of Training and Development. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences,6(1),pp.334-338. Available from https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/e0ef/abef5d28888435ac780d6da98f66ca67048e.pdf [accssed 17 September 2018].

Informa Corporate Learning (2008) The Importance of Staff  Training [video]. Available from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CSvz4kuSWwA [accessed 10 January 2020].

Khan, R.A.G., Khan, F.A, & Khan M.A.(2011) Impact of Training and Development on Organizational Performance.Global Journal of Management and Business Research, 11(7), pp.63-68. Available from https://globaljournals.org/GJMBR_Volume11/8-Impact-of-Training-and-Development-on-Organizational-Performance.pdf [accessed 17 September 2018].

Kulkarni,P.P. (2013) A Literature Review On Training and Development and Quality of Work Life. Researchers World-Journal of Arts, Science and Commerce, 4(2),pp.136-143. Available from https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/6aca/ec00613b77b95eb7eef2f44e89bbd45ce6e3.pdf  [accessed 17 September 2018].

Masadeh,M. (2012) Training, Education, Development and Learning: What is the Difference ?. European Scientific Journal,8(10),pp.62-68.Available from https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/2c8e/e2bd915b2b9885449ef83a0cbbd5e11d21b1.pdf [accessed 17 September 2018].